/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * ns-2 simple.tcl script (ported from ns-2)
 * Originally authored by Steve McCanne, 12/19/1996
 */

// Port of ns-2/tcl/ex/simple.tcl to ns-3
//
// Network topology
//
//  n0
//     \ 5 Mb/s, 2ms
//      \          1.5Mb/s, 10ms
//       n2 -------------------------n3
//      /
//     / 5 Mb/s, 2ms
//   n1
//
// - all links are p2p links with indicated one-way BW/delay
// - CBR/UDP flows from n0 to n3, and from n3 to n1
// - FTP/TCP flow from n0 to n3, starting at time 1.2 to time 1.35 sec.
// - UDP packet size of 210 bytes, with per-packet interval 0.00375 sec.
// - DropTail queues 
// - Tracing of queues and packet receptions to file "out.tr"

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <cassert>

#include "ns3/debug.h"

#include "ns3/simulator.h"
#include "ns3/nstime.h"
#include "ns3/data-rate.h"
#include "ns3/trace-writer.h"

#include "ns3/internet-node.h"
#include "ns3/p2p-channel.h"
#include "ns3/p2p-net-device.h"
#include "ns3/mac-address.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-address.h"
#include "ns3/arp-ipv4-interface.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4.h"
#include "ns3/datagram-socket.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-route.h"
#include "ns3/drop-tail.h"
#include "ns3/trace-writer.h"
#include "ns3/llc-snap-header.h"
#include "ns3/arp-header.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-header.h"
#include "ns3/udp-header.h"
#include "ns3/node-list.h"
#include "ns3/trace-root.h"
#include "ns3/object-container.h"
#include "ns3/p2p-topology.h"
#include "ns3/onoff-application.h"
#include "ns3/application-list.h"
#include "ns3/random-variable.h"

using namespace ns3;

class AsciiTrace 
{
public:
  AsciiTrace (std::string filename);
  ~AsciiTrace ();
  void TraceAllQueues (void);
  void TraceAllNetDeviceRx (void);
private:
  void LogDevQueue (TraceContext const &context, const Packet &p);
  void LogDevRx (TraceContext const &context, Packet &p);
  std::ofstream m_os;
};

AsciiTrace::AsciiTrace (std::string filename)
{
  m_os.open (filename.c_str ());
}
AsciiTrace::~AsciiTrace ()
{
  m_os.close ();
}
void
AsciiTrace::TraceAllQueues (void)
{
  TraceRoot::Connect ("/nodes/*/ipv4/interfaces/*/netdevice/queue/*",
                      MakeCallback (&AsciiTrace::LogDevQueue, this));
}
void
AsciiTrace::TraceAllNetDeviceRx (void)
{
  TraceRoot::Connect ("/nodes/*/ipv4/interfaces/*/netdevice/rx",
                      MakeCallback (&AsciiTrace::LogDevRx, this));
}

void 
AsciiTrace::LogDevQueue (TraceContext const &context, Packet const &p)
{
  enum Queue::TraceType type;
  context.Get (type);
  switch (type) 
    {
    case Queue::ENQUEUE:
      m_os << "+ ";
      break;
    case Queue::DEQUEUE:
      m_os << "- ";
      break;
    case Queue::DROP:
      m_os << "d ";
      break;
    }
  m_os << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " ";
  NodeList::NodeIndex nodeIndex;
  context.Get (nodeIndex);
  m_os << "node=" << NodeList::GetNode (nodeIndex)->GetId () << " ";
  Ipv4::InterfaceIndex interfaceIndex;
  context.Get (interfaceIndex);
  m_os << "interface=" << interfaceIndex << " ";
  m_os << "pkt-uid=" << p.GetUid () << " ";
  m_os << std::endl;
}
void 
AsciiTrace::LogDevRx (TraceContext const &context, Packet &p)
{
  m_os << "r " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " ";
  NodeList::NodeIndex nodeIndex;
  context.Get (nodeIndex);
  m_os << "node=" << NodeList::GetNode (nodeIndex)->GetId () << " ";
  Ipv4::InterfaceIndex interfaceIndex;
  context.Get (interfaceIndex);
  m_os << "interface=" << interfaceIndex << " ";
  m_os << "pkt-uid=" << p.GetUid () << " ";
  m_os << std::endl;  
}


static void
GenerateTraffic (DatagramSocket *socket, uint32_t size)
{
  std::cout << "Node: " << socket->GetNode()->GetId () 
            << " at=" << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << "s,"
            << " tx bytes=" << size << std::endl;
  socket->SendDummy (size);
  if (size > 50)
    {
      Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.5), &GenerateTraffic, socket, size - 50);
    }
}

static void
DatagramSocketPrinter (DatagramSocket *socket, uint32_t size, Ipv4Address from, uint16_t fromPort)
{
  std::cout << "Node: " << socket->GetNode()->GetId () 
            << " at=" << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << "s,"
            << " rx bytes=" << size << std::endl;
}

static void
PrintTraffic (DatagramSocket *socket)
{
  socket->SetDummyRxCallback (MakeCallback (&DatagramSocketPrinter));
}

#if 0
static void
PrintRoutingTable (InternetNode *a, std::string name)
{
  Ipv4 *ipv4 = a->GetIpv4 ();
  std::cout << "interfaces node="<<name<<std::endl;
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ipv4->GetNInterfaces (); i++)
    {
      Ipv4Interface *interface = ipv4->GetInterface (i);
      std::cout << "interface addr="<<interface->GetAddress () 
                << ", netmask="<<interface->GetNetworkMask ()
                << std::endl;
    }

  std::cout << "routing table:" << std::endl;
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ipv4->GetNRoutes (); i++)
    {
      Ipv4Route *route = ipv4->GetRoute (i);
      std::cout << (*route) << std::endl;
    }
  std::cout << "node end" << std::endl;
}
#endif

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
#if 0
  DebugComponentEnable("Object");
  DebugComponentEnable("Queue");
  DebugComponentEnable("DropTailQueue");
  DebugComponentEnable("Channel");
  DebugComponentEnable("PointToPointChannel");
  DebugComponentEnable("PointToPointNetDevice");
#endif
  ObjectContainer container;

  // Optionally, specify some default values for Queue objects.
  // For this example, we specify that we want each queue to
  // be a DropTail queue, with a limit of 30 packets.
  // Specify DropTail for default queue type (note. this is actually
  // the default, but included here as an example).
  Queue::Default(DropTailQueue());
  // Specify limit of 30 in units of packets.
  //  Queue::Default().SetLimitPackets(30);

  // The node factory is designed to allow user specification
  // of the "type" of node desired for each node creation.  This
  // is done by creating a node object (the inNode below), configuring
  // the object with the desired capabilities, and pushing the node
  // object on the prototype stack.  In this simple example, the
  // default behavior of an InternetNode is adequate, so we don't
  // do any configuration in this simple example.
  InternetNode inNode;
  Node::PushNodePrototype(inNode);
  // Next create the physical node topology using the node factory
  Node* n0 = Node::Create(); 
  Node* n1 = Node::Create(); 
  Node* n2 = Node::Create(); 
  Node* n3 = Node::Create(); 

  PointToPointChannel* ch1;
  ch1 = PointToPointTopology::AddPointToPointLink (
      n0, Ipv4Address("10.1.1.1"), 
      n2, Ipv4Address("10.1.1.2"), 
      5000000, MilliSeconds(2));
  
  PointToPointChannel* ch2;
  ch2 = PointToPointTopology::AddPointToPointLink (
      n1, Ipv4Address("10.1.2.1"), 
      n2, Ipv4Address("10.1.2.2"), 
      DataRate(5000000), MilliSeconds(2));

  PointToPointChannel* ch3;
  ch3 = PointToPointTopology::AddPointToPointLink (
      n2, Ipv4Address("10.1.3.1"), 
      n3, Ipv4Address("10.1.3.2"), 
      DataRate(1500000), MilliSeconds(10));
  
  // To Do:
  // avoid "new" calls, instead use application list
  // OnOffSink
  // use of rate and time objects
  DatagramSocket *source0 = new DatagramSocket (n0);
  DatagramSocket *source3 = new DatagramSocket (n3);
  DatagramSocket *sink3 = new DatagramSocket(n3);
  sink3->Bind (80);
  DatagramSocket *sink1 = new DatagramSocket(n1);
  sink1->Bind (80);

#ifdef NOTYET
  // The arguments to ApplicationTCPSend constructor are the IPAddress
  // of the server, port number for the server, and a random variable
  // specifying the amount of data to send.
  OnOffApplication* ooff = n1->GetApplicationList()->
    Add(OnOffApplication(*n0, Ipv4Address("10.1.2.2"), 
  80, ConstantVariable(1), ConstantVariable(0), 1000, 210));

  // This is functional and could soon replace the above DatagramSockets,
  // but needs tuning
  OnOffApplication* ooff = new OnOffApplication(*n0, Ipv4Address("10.1.2.2"), 
  80, ConstantVariable(1), ConstantVariable(0), 1000, 210);
  container.Acquire (ooff);
  ooff->Start(Seconds(1.0));
#endif

  container.Acquire (source0);
  container.Acquire (source3);
  container.Acquire (sink3);
  container.Acquire (sink1);

  source3->SetDefaultDestination (Ipv4Address ("10.1.2.1"), 80);
  source0->SetDefaultDestination (Ipv4Address ("10.1.3.2"), 80);

  // Here, finish off packet routing configuration
  n0->GetIpv4()->SetDefaultRoute (Ipv4Address ("10.1.1.2"), 1);
  n3->GetIpv4()->SetDefaultRoute (Ipv4Address ("10.1.3.1"), 1);

  AsciiTrace trace ("simple-p2p.tr");
  trace.TraceAllQueues ();
  trace.TraceAllNetDeviceRx ();

  PrintTraffic (sink3);
  GenerateTraffic (source0, 100);

  PrintTraffic (sink1);
  GenerateTraffic (source3, 100);

  Simulator::StopAt (Seconds(10.0));

  Simulator::Run ();
    
  // The below deletes will be managed by future topology objects
  // or containers or smart pointers

  Simulator::Destroy ();

  ch1->Unref ();
  ch2->Unref ();
  ch3->Unref ();
}