/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */

/*

 * Copyright (c) 2008 Timo Bingmann

 *

 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation;

 *

 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

 * GNU General Public License for more details.

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA

 *

 * Author: Timo Bingmann <timo.bingmann@student.kit.edu>

 */

#include "ns3/random-variable-stream.h"

#include "ns3/ptr.h"

#include "ns3/double.h"

#include "ns3/string.h"

#include "ns3/integer.h"

#include "ns3/gnuplot.h"

#include <map>

#include <cmath>

using namespace ns3;

/// Round a double number to the given precision. e.g. dround(0.234, 0.1) = 0.2

/// and dround(0.257, 0.1) = 0.3

double dround (double number, double precision)

{

  number /= precision;

  if (number >= 0)

    number = std::floor (number + 0.5);

  else

    number = std::ceil (number - 0.5);

  number *= precision;

  return number;

}

static GnuplotDataset

Histogramm (Ptr<RandomVariableStream> rndvar, unsigned int probes, double precision, const std::string& title, bool notcontinous = false)

{

  typedef std::map<double, unsigned int> histogramm_maptype;

  histogramm_maptype histogramm;

  for(unsigned int i = 0; i < probes; ++i)

    {

      double val = dround ( rndvar->GetValue (), precision );

      ++histogramm[val];

    }

  Gnuplot2dDataset data;

  data.SetTitle (title);

  if (notcontinous)

    {

      data.SetStyle (Gnuplot2dDataset::IMPULSES);

    }

  for(histogramm_maptype::const_iterator hi = histogramm.begin ();

      hi != histogramm.end (); ++hi)

    {

      data.Add (hi->first, (double)hi->second / (double)probes / precision);

    }

  return data;

}

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

  unsigned int probes = 1000000;

  double precision = 0.01;

  GnuplotCollection gnuplots ("main-random-variables.pdf");

  gnuplots.SetTerminal ("pdf enhanced");

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("UniformRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set yrange [0:]");

    Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> x = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable> ();

    x->SetAttribute ("Min", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x->SetAttribute ("Max", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x, probes, precision,

                                  "UniformRandomVariable [0.0 .. 1.0)") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("1.0",

                                         "0 <= x && x <= 1 ? 1.0 : 0") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("ExponentialRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [0:8]");

    plot.AppendExtra ("ExpDist(x,l) = 1/l * exp(-1/l * x)");

    Ptr<ExponentialRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<ExponentialRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (0.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "ExponentialRandomVariable m=0.5") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("ExponentialDistribution mean 0.5",

                                         "ExpDist(x, 0.5)") );

    Ptr<ExponentialRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<ExponentialRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "ExponentialRandomVariable m=1") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("ExponentialDistribution mean 1.0",

                                         "ExpDist(x, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<ExponentialRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<ExponentialRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (1.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "ExponentialRandomVariable m=1.5") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("ExponentialDistribution mean 1.5",

                                         "ExpDist(x, 1.5)") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("ParetoRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [0:2]");

    Ptr<ParetoRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<ParetoRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Shape", DoubleValue (1.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "ParetoRandomVariable m=1.0 s=1.5") );

    Ptr<ParetoRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<ParetoRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Shape", DoubleValue (2.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "ParetoRandomVariable m=1.0 s=2.0") );

    Ptr<ParetoRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<ParetoRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Shape", DoubleValue (2.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "ParetoRandomVariable m=1.0 s=2.5") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("WeibullRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [0:3]");

    Ptr<WeibullRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<WeibullRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("Scale", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Shape", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "WeibullRandomVariable m=1.0 s=1.0") );

    Ptr<WeibullRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<WeibullRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("Scale", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Shape", DoubleValue (2.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "WeibullRandomVariable m=1.0 s=2.0") );

    Ptr<WeibullRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<WeibullRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("Scale", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Shape", DoubleValue (3.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "WeibullRandomVariable m=1.0 s=3.0") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("NormalRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [-3:3]");

    plot.AppendExtra ("NormalDist(x,m,s) = 1 / (s * sqrt(2*pi)) * exp(-1.0 / 2.0 * ((x-m) / s)**2)");

    Ptr<NormalRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<NormalRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Variance", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "NormalRandomVariable m=0.0 v=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("NormalDist {/Symbol m}=0.0 {/Symbol s}=1.0",

                                         "NormalDist(x,0.0,1.0)") );

    Ptr<NormalRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<NormalRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Variance", DoubleValue (2.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "NormalRandomVariable m=0.0 v=2.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("NormalDist {/Symbol m}=0.0 {/Symbol s}=sqrt(2.0)",

                                         "NormalDist(x,0.0,sqrt(2.0))") );

    Ptr<NormalRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<NormalRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Variance", DoubleValue (3.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "NormalRandomVariable m=0.0 v=3.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("NormalDist {/Symbol m}=0.0 {/Symbol s}=sqrt(3.0)",

                                         "NormalDist(x,0.0,sqrt(3.0))") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("EmpiricalRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [*:*]");

    Ptr<EmpiricalRandomVariable> emp1 = CreateObject<EmpiricalRandomVariable> ();

    emp1->CDF (0.0,  0.0 / 15.0);

    emp1->CDF (0.2,  1.0 / 15.0);

    emp1->CDF (0.4,  3.0 / 15.0);

    emp1->CDF (0.6,  6.0 / 15.0);

    emp1->CDF (0.8, 10.0 / 15.0);

    emp1->CDF (1.0, 15.0 / 15.0);

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (emp1, probes, precision,

                                  "EmpiricalRandomVariable (Stairs)") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("DeterministicRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [*:*]");

    double values[] = { 0.0, 0.2, 0.2, 0.4, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.8, 1.0 };

    Ptr<DeterministicRandomVariable> det1 = CreateObject<DeterministicRandomVariable> ();

    det1->SetValueArray (values, sizeof(values) / sizeof(values[0]));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (det1, probes, precision,

                                  "DeterministicRandomVariable", true) );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("LogNormalRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [0:3]");

    plot.AppendExtra ("LogNormalDist(x,m,s) = 1.0/x * NormalDist(log(x), m, s)");

    Ptr<LogNormalRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<LogNormalRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("Mu", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Sigma", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "LogNormalRandomVariable m=0.0 s=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("LogNormalDist(x, 0.0, 1.0)",

                                         "LogNormalDist(x, 0.0, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<LogNormalRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<LogNormalRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("Mu", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Sigma", DoubleValue (0.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "LogNormalRandomVariable m=0.0 s=0.5") );

    Ptr<LogNormalRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<LogNormalRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("Mu", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Sigma", DoubleValue (0.25));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "LogNormalRandomVariable m=0.0 s=0.25") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("LogNormalDist(x, 0.0, 0.25)",

                                         "LogNormalDist(x, 0.0, 0.25)") );

    Ptr<LogNormalRandomVariable> x4 = CreateObject<LogNormalRandomVariable> ();

    x4->SetAttribute ("Mu", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x4->SetAttribute ("Sigma", DoubleValue (0.125));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x4, probes, precision,

                                  "LogNormalRandomVariable m=0.0 s=0.125") );

    Ptr<LogNormalRandomVariable> x5 = CreateObject<LogNormalRandomVariable> ();

    x5->SetAttribute ("Mu", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x5->SetAttribute ("Sigma", DoubleValue (2.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x5, probes, precision,

                                  "LogNormalRandomVariable m=0.0 s=2.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("LogNormalDist(x, 0.0, 2.0)",

                                         "LogNormalDist(x, 0.0, 2.0)") );

    Ptr<LogNormalRandomVariable> x6 = CreateObject<LogNormalRandomVariable> ();

    x6->SetAttribute ("Mu", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x6->SetAttribute ("Sigma", DoubleValue (2.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x6, probes, precision,

                                  "LogNormalRandomVariable m=0.0 s=2.5") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("TriangularRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [*:*]");

    Ptr<TriangularRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<TriangularRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("Min", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Max", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (0.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "TriangularRandomVariable [0.0 .. 1.0) m=0.5") );

    Ptr<TriangularRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<TriangularRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("Min", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Max", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (0.4));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "TriangularRandomVariable [0.0 .. 1.0) m=0.4") );

    Ptr<TriangularRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<TriangularRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("Min", DoubleValue (0.0));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Max", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Mean", DoubleValue (0.65));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "TriangularRandomVariable [0.0 .. 1.0) m=0.65") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("GammaRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [0:10]");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set yrange [0:1]");

    plot.AppendExtra ("GammaDist(x,a,b) = x**(a-1) * 1/b**a * exp(-x/b) / gamma(a)");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set label 1 '{/Symbol g}(x,{/Symbol a},{/Symbol b}) = x^{/Symbol a-1} e^{-x {/Symbol b}^{-1}} ( {/Symbol b}^{/Symbol a} {/Symbol G}({/Symbol a}) )^{-1}' at 0.7, 0.9");

    Ptr<GammaRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<GammaRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("Alpha", DoubleValue (1.0));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Beta", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "GammaRandomVariable a=1.0 b=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("{/Symbol g}(x, 1.0, 1.0)",

                                         "GammaDist(x, 1.0, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<GammaRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<GammaRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("Alpha", DoubleValue (1.5));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Beta", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "GammaRandomVariable a=1.5 b=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("{/Symbol g}(x, 1.5, 1.0)",

                                         "GammaDist(x, 1.5, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<GammaRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<GammaRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("Alpha", DoubleValue (2.0));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Beta", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "GammaRandomVariable a=2.0 b=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("{/Symbol g}(x, 2.0, 1.0)",

                                         "GammaDist(x, 2.0, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<GammaRandomVariable> x4 = CreateObject<GammaRandomVariable> ();

    x4->SetAttribute ("Alpha", DoubleValue (4.0));

    x4->SetAttribute ("Beta", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x4, probes, precision,

                                  "GammaRandomVariable a=4.0 b=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("{/Symbol g}(x, 4.0, 1.0)",

                                         "GammaDist(x, 4.0, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<GammaRandomVariable> x5 = CreateObject<GammaRandomVariable> ();

    x5->SetAttribute ("Alpha", DoubleValue (2.0));

    x5->SetAttribute ("Beta", DoubleValue (2.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x5, probes, precision,

                                  "GammaRandomVariable a=2.0 b=2.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("{/Symbol g}(x, 2.0, 2.0)",

                                         "GammaDist(x, 2.0, 2.0)") );

    Ptr<GammaRandomVariable> x6 = CreateObject<GammaRandomVariable> ();

    x6->SetAttribute ("Alpha", DoubleValue (2.5));

    x6->SetAttribute ("Beta", DoubleValue (3.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x6, probes, precision,

                                  "GammaRandomVariable a=2.5 b=3.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("{/Symbol g}(x, 2.5, 3.0)",

                                         "GammaDist(x, 2.5, 3.0)") );

    Ptr<GammaRandomVariable> x7 = CreateObject<GammaRandomVariable> ();

    x7->SetAttribute ("Alpha", DoubleValue (2.5));

    x7->SetAttribute ("Beta", DoubleValue (4.5));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x7, probes, precision,

                                  "GammaRandomVariable a=2.5 b=4.5") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("{/Symbol g}(x, 2.5, 4.5)",

                                         "GammaDist(x, 2.5, 4.5)") );

    gnuplots.AddPlot (plot);

  }

  {

    Gnuplot plot;

    plot.SetTitle ("ErlangRandomVariable");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set xrange [0:10]");

    plot.AppendExtra ("ErlangDist(x,k,l) = x**(k-1) * 1/l**k * exp(-x/l) / (k-1)!");

    plot.AppendExtra ("set label 1 'Erlang(x,k,{/Symbol l}) = x^{k-1} e^{-x {/Symbol l}^{-1}} ( {/Symbol l}^k (k-1)! )^{-1}' at 0.7, 0.9");

    Ptr<ErlangRandomVariable> x1 = CreateObject<ErlangRandomVariable> ();

    x1->SetAttribute ("K", IntegerValue (1));

    x1->SetAttribute ("Lambda", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x1, probes, precision,

                                  "ErlangRandomVariable k=1 {/Symbol l}=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("Erlang(x, 1, 1.0)",

                                         "ErlangDist(x, 1, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<ErlangRandomVariable> x2 = CreateObject<ErlangRandomVariable> ();

    x2->SetAttribute ("K", IntegerValue (2));

    x2->SetAttribute ("Lambda", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x2, probes, precision,

                                  "ErlangRandomVariable k=2 {/Symbol l}=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("Erlang(x, 2, 1.0)",

                                         "ErlangDist(x, 2, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<ErlangRandomVariable> x3 = CreateObject<ErlangRandomVariable> ();

    x3->SetAttribute ("K", IntegerValue (3));

    x3->SetAttribute ("Lambda", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x3, probes, precision,

                                  "ErlangRandomVariable k=3 {/Symbol l}=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("Erlang(x, 3, 1.0)",

                                         "ErlangDist(x, 3, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<ErlangRandomVariable> x4 = CreateObject<ErlangRandomVariable> ();

    x4->SetAttribute ("K", IntegerValue (5));

    x4->SetAttribute ("Lambda", DoubleValue (1.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x4, probes, precision,

                                  "ErlangRandomVariable k=5 {/Symbol l}=1.0") );

    plot.AddDataset ( Gnuplot2dFunction ("Erlang(x, 5, 1.0)",

                                         "ErlangDist(x, 5, 1.0)") );

    Ptr<ErlangRandomVariable> x5 = CreateObject<ErlangRandomVariable> ();

    x5->SetAttribute ("K", IntegerValue (2));

    x5->SetAttribute ("Lambda", DoubleValue (2.0));

    plot.AddDataset ( Histogramm (x5, probes, precision,

                                  "ErlangRandomVariable k=2 {/Symbol l}=2.0") );